Library : Writing and Publishing

Ethics & Law for Authors

• What is Plagiarism?
• Copyright covers how to secure rights as an author, as well as respect others’ rights.

Writing Guides

Take a tutorial:

• Publish, Not Perish:  The Art & Craft of Publishing in Scholarly Journals from the University of Colorado libraries. 

Find books (writing scientific literature, style guides):
In library catalog:

• Use Keyword subject =  WRITING, or
• Use Keyword subject = PUBLISHING.

Find articles:
In Index to Chiropractic Literature:

• Use Keyword subject =  WRITING, or
• Use Keyword subject = PUBLISHING.

Selected articles from chiropractic publishers:

• Gleberzon BJ, Killinger LZ.  The journal article cookbook. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004 Sep;27(7):481-92.
• Green BN, Johnson CD.  How to write a case report for publication. J Chiropr Med.   2006 Sum;5(2): 72-82.
• Green BN, Johnson CD.  Clinical update. How to write a letter to the editor: an author's guide. J Chiropr Med: 2006 Win;5(4):144-147.
• Green BN, Johnson CD, Adams A.  Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: secrets of the trade. J Chiropr Med: 2006 Fall;5(3):101-117.
• Young M.  Writing for the peer-reviewed biomedical literature: Part I. The why and the wherefore. Clin Chiropr: 2003 Sep-Dec;6(3/4):144-150.
• Young M.  Writing for the peer-reviewed biomedical literature: Part II. The how and the when. Clin Chiropr: 2004 Jun;7(2):90-99.

Citation Format Samples

• printer friendly version (PDF, 1 page, 106 Kb)

Below are examples of correct format in the style most frequently use in biomedical journals.  There are other citation styles such as APA.  Either style, done correctly, provides all the data needed for readers to find the original material referenced in a paper.

For examples of citations for an e-mail discussion or a DVD, go to the Citing Medicine style guide from the National Library of Medicine.

JOURNAL ARTICLES
Standard	Halpern SD, et al. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7.
No Author	21st century heart solution may have a sting in the tail. BMJ. 2002;325(7357):184.
Organization as Author	Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin, and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Hypertension. 2002;40(5):679-86.
Significant Type of article	Tor M, et al. International approaches to the prescription for long-term oxygen therapy [letter]. Eur Respir J. 2002;20(1):242.
BOOKS
Personal Author	Murray PR, et al. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.
Editor(s)	Gilstrap LC, et al., editors. Operative obstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002.
Chapter in a Book	Meltzer PS, et al. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113.
Conference Proceedings	Harnden P, et al., editors. Germ cell tumours V. Proceedings of the 5th Germ Cell Tumour Conference; 2001 Sep 13-15; Leeds, UK. New York: Springer; 2002.
ELECTRONIC MATERIAL
Journal Article	Abood S. Quality improvement initiative in nursing homes: the ANA acts in an advisory role. Am J Nurs [Internet]. 2002 Jun [cited 2002 Aug 12];102(6). Available from: http://www.nursingworld.org/AJN/2002/june/Wawatch.htm
Book	Foley KM, et al., editors. Improving palliative care for cancer [Internet]. Washington: National Academy Press; 2001 [cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309074029/html/
Web Site Elements	Author or Responsible organization.  Title on page [Internet].  Place of publication: Publisher; [date Web page last updated; date you accessed the Web page]
Web Site Sample	Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics.  FastStats A to Z: asthma [Internet]. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; [updated 2006 Aug 18; cited 2006 Oct 10].  Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm
Source: Adapted by Life Chiropractic College West Library from:  National Library of Medicine. Citing Medicine  [Internet].  Bethesda, MD: the Library; [updated 2007; cited 2008 Feb 8].

Citation Management Software

Researchers can input a bibliographical reference to a journal article, book, or electronic resource directly into their personal citation management database.  They can then easily insert the references into different papers, and adapt them to any format required by the publisher.

This type of software can generally import citations from well-established online databases such as PubMed. Keywords can be assigned for later searching of the personal citation database.

Free Formatting Tools

Recommended for occasional use only

There are dozens of free tools on the Web.  Some are simply Web forms that generate a formatted citation.  Other tools have more features for saving and organizing references, especially if you upgrade to a subscription. Easy Bib    Free Web-based citation generator limited to MLA style.  Upgrade to MyBibPro version for bibliographies and APA style costs under $10 per year (as of 2008). 

KnightCite  from Calvin College - Free Web-based citation creator limited to MLA, Chicago, and APA styles.  Generates once citation at a time,and also bibliographies for registered users.  Registration is free.

DocsCite  from Arizona State University Libraries – Free citation creator for government publications, limited to MLA and APA styles.

Free Citation Database Managers

Recommended for occasional or repeated use

CiteULike  Free web-based service. Input references to scholarly articles by clicking a button to have a paper on the web added to your collection of citations; organize by assigning tags; use its social features to share citations with others and discover who else has tagged an article. 

Connotea  Free web-based service.  Input references by saving a link to a web page for the reference, whether that be the PubMed entry, the publisher's PDF, or even an Amazon product page for a book. Connotea will, wherever possible, recognize the reference and automatically add in the bibliographic information for you.  You assign keywords (or 'tags') to your references.

Easy Bib    Free web-based citation generator limited to MLA, APA, Chicago/Turabian styles.  Upgrade from the free citation formatting tool to premium version for bibliographies and more styles.  Costs under $15 per year (as of 2010). 

Mendeley   Free web-based service. Organize, share, and discover research papers using this research management tool for desktop and web. Explore research trends and connect to other academics in your discipline.

Zotero   Free Firefox extension available for download using Firefox Mozilla browser only.   Completely free tool limited to APA, Chicago, and APA styles with more styles expected.  Collects references directly from web pages or library-provided databases, and also accepts manual input.    Export capability.  MS Word and Open Office plug-ins for adding references and bibliographies to a document.  Tools for organizing, annotating, and storing research sources on your computer.

 

Commercial Citation Database Managers

Recommended for authors and researchers

RefWorks a Web-based service by annual subscription.  Very intuitive interface and workflow.

Thompson ISI Research Soft EndNote, EndNote Web, ProCite, and Reference Manager. 

Available for purchase and upgrade.  Typical users are satisfied to use the same version for many years.

Comparisions of Citation Managers

Source: Wikipedia
Comparisons of commercial and free reference management software  In table format.

Source:  fauskes.net
Finding the right bibliographic/reference tool  A detailed discussion about commercial as well as free and open source software, with helpful comments fro comments.

Instructions for Authors:

When submitting for publication, always verify current instructions for authors. Typically this is found on the publisher or journal website and in some cases printed inside each issue. 

The Index to Chiropractic Literature includes links to Web-based instructions for authors. Click on the title of any current journal in the list of Chiropractic Journals Indexed.

Patrias K. Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wendling DL, technical editor. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007 [updated 2009 Oct 21].  Full text electronic book.

Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Medical Journals:  Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication
Provides information about the obligations of publishers and authors in reporting research, and the process of preparing and submitting a manuscript.  Refers to NLM’s style guide for formatting bibliographical references.   

From International Committee of Medical Journal Editors 
Citing Medicine:  The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers  Sample citations for published and unpublished material, in print and electronic formats.  Appendix includes guides for abbreviations. From the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)